Root user has all the administrator privileges so whenever you need to edit system files or configuration from within Gnome, you will feel the need to login to Ubuntu as a root user. But the question is here is “How to login to Ubuntu as a root user?“

Just follow the steps below:

• Open the terminal and type:

sudo passwd root

• When you see the prompt that says “Enter new UNIX password“, enter the password you want for the root user and confirm it.

• Type:

sudo gedit /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf

• Locate the line that says “AllowRoot=false“. Change it to “AllowRoot=true“.

• Save the file.

• Exit gedit, logout and then reboot.

However the only issue in this case is that by logging to Ubuntu as root you are making your operating system more vulnerable.

For Ubuntu users it is recommended to use the account which they created on time of install and use the “sudo” command while in terminal to execute commands as root user.

I’m sure there are lots of ways – one is:

cat /proc/version

Another way is:

uname -a

I suggested the “-r” parameter as the original thread question was “How do I check what Kernel im using?” and it was obvious that the kernel type was Linux.

The “-a” parameter will show everything that uname can report which is more than just kernel version.

But now I have a solution.

1. Open Ubuntu.
2. Insert cd linux Ubuntu.
3. Open terminal (Application then chose Accessories then Terminal).
4. Write those commands follows:
   1. sudo apt-cdrom add
   2. sudo apt-get update
   3. sudo apt-get install build-essentil

If you run your Ubuntu system behind a firewall and have to use proxy server for http and ftp access, then your apt-get on a newly installed Ubuntu system will probably not work.

How can I connect apt-get to internet?

• apt.conf

cp /usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf /etc/apt.conf

• Edit apt.conf and put these code

Acquire

{

Retries “0″;

http::Proxy “http://usrname:password@proxy-address:proxy-port”;

};

Change the username, password and proxy-address, proxy-port to suit your requirements.

• Save the file.

Thats all you have to do to get apt-get update running.

Execute the following commands now to check if it works fine and to update/upgrade your ubuntu system

• sudo apt-get update

• sudo apt-get upgrade

If you still find some errors after doing this, please post your comments along with the errors that you get so that I may be able to solve your problems.

Reboot your computer, and then as soon as you see the GRUB loading screen, make sure to hit the ESC key so that you can get to the menu.

If you have the option, you can choose the recovery mode item on the menu, usually found right below your default kernel option.

Then choose Drop to root shell prompt from this menu.

This should give you a root shell prompt.

You can use the following command to reset your password:

passwd

After changing your password, use the following commands to reboot your system. (The sync command makes sure to write out data to the disk before rebooting)

sync

reboot –f

I found that the -f parameter was necessary to get the reboot command to work for some reason. You could always hardware reset instead, but make sure to use the sync command first.

And now you should be able to login without any issues.

This is the mystery for most users – you didn’t set a root password, so what is it? As default Ubuntu has no password set for the root user. The root user can do anything as this has full access to system. So using root account for daily work can be dangerous.

To run all administrative command use sudo command. sudo allows a permitted user to execute a command as the superuser or another user. Ubuntu setup your default account (the one created during installation) to run all administrative commands. For example create a new user called makiki, you need to type sudo command as follows:

$ sudo adduser makiki

Password:

When sudo asks for a password, it needs your password this means that a root password is not needed.

Now you can login as root with sudo su.

• Step 1 – Insert CD/DVD Ubuntu 8.04 Desktop in your CD/DVD-ROM device and reboot your computer. Select your Language when asked.

• Step 2 – Then select the second option Install Ubuntu and hit Enter.

• Step 3 – Wait for the CD to load into RAM, and when the installer appears, select your native language and click the Forward button.

• Step 4 – Where are you?

The second screen will feature a map of the Earth with little red dots, so you can select your city/country. Upon the current selection of your location, the time for the final system will adjust accordingly. You can also select your current location from the drop down list situated at the bottom of the window. Click the Forward button after you have selected your desired location.

• Step 5 – Test your keyboard

On the third screen, you will be asked to select the keyboard layout that suits you best (default is U.S. English). You can also test your keyboard on the little text input field situated at the bottom of the window. Click the Forward button when you have finished with the keyboard configuration.

• Step 6 – Hard disk partitioning

Hold on, don’t leave just yet! The hard disk partitioning is an easy task, so I am quite sure you will manage to handle it too. Click the Forward button to continue with the installation.

WARNING: Be aware that all the data on the selected hard drive will be ERASED and IRRECOVERABLE!

• Step 7 – Who are you?

Here you must do exactly what the title of this step tells you to do. You must fill in a couple of fields with your real name, the name you want to use to log in on your Ubuntu OS (username), password and the name of the computer (automatically generated). Once you have finished with this step, click the Forward button again (for the last time).

• Step 8 – Are you really ready for Ubuntu?

If you have successfully arrived at this point, then you are definitely ready for your new Ubuntu operating system. So, what are you waiting for? Click the Install button NOW!

• Step 9 – The Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron) operating system will be installed…

• Step 10 – After approximately 8 to 10 minutes, a pop-up window will appear, notifying you that the installation is complete and you need to restart the computer in order to use the newly installed Ubuntu:

You’ve probably clicked the Restart now button, because you were very excited to see your new Ubuntu operating system at work. Well then, have fun using it!